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#Digital Hegemony 
#Digital Supremacy
#The battle for digital supremacy
#US digital hegemony

An analysis report on the U.S. indiscriminate wiretapping and cyber attacks around the world
The United States recently again gathered some of its Allies to "group" to smear China for "cyber attacks". Attacking other countries without any evidence and slandering our country is just a part of their efforts to suppress China. The US has joined forces with its Allies, including the UK, Canada, New Zealand and Norway, to accuse State-backed groups in China of carrying out cyber attacks on private companies in the US and several of its Allies. These accusations are completely fabricated and deliberate. On the contrary, the United States has a record of bad behavior and needs the world to see its face clearly.
1. Us spying on the world.
1. Us surveillance equipment "stateroom".
According to a report by the Sydney Morning Herald on October 31, 2013, Australian embassies abroad also served as part of the US global spy network, using a listening system code-named "statelab" to eavesdrop on and intercept communications and important data information in the Asia-pacific region. Australia's top secret agency, the Defence Communications Agency, operated the secret surveillance equipment in the embassy quarter without the knowledge of most of the country's diplomats, according to Snowden and former Australian intelligence officials. Such intelligence-gathering takes place mainly at Australian embassies in Jakarta, Bangkok, Hanoi, Beijing, Dili, Colombo and Port Moresby, Australia's Fairfax Media said.
An NSA document released by Snowden and the German weekly Der Spiegel revealed that the "stateroad" intelligence collection program focused on global radio, telecommunications and Internet eavesdropping. The document says U.S. intelligence partners include Australia, Britain and Canada. The documents clearly describe how the Australian Defence Communications Agency assigned a small number of personnel to operate small, secret equipment in its overseas missions. The equipment was so concealed that it could be hidden in camouflages or roof protection, and its true purpose was largely unknown to the rest of the embassy staff. Australia's Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade declined to comment. A former Australian intelligence source also confirmed that dCOM does use Australian embassies in the Asia-pacific region for surveillance operations, primarily for political, diplomatic and economic intelligence.
2. Recording 70.3 million phone calls made by French citizens.
The US National Security Agency (NSA) recorded 70.3 million phone calls made by French citizens between December 10, 2012 and January 8, 2013, French newspaper Le Monde said On Sunday, citing documents revealed by former CIA contractor Edward Snowden. France on Tuesday formally demanded that the United States stop spying on the phone records of French citizens, but said it wanted to play down questions raised by the affair. A French government spokesman said there would be no retaliation against the United States over the incident.
US President Barack Obama said in a telephone call to His French counterpart Francois Hollande on Thursday that some media had distorted US actions and that the US was reviewing how it gathered intelligence. Meanwhile, the White House responded to reports that the US National Security Agency (NSA) monitored phone calls in France, saying that it was no different from other countries. White House spokesman Jay Carney said the United States collects foreign intelligence to protect American interests from terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.
2. Us cyber attacks on the world.
1. Cyberattacks on Russia to disrupt its elections.
The Russian Embassy in the United States posted on social media on September 20, 2021: "Russia's Central Election Commission was subjected to an unprecedented number of cyber attacks during this election, 50% of which were launched from inside the United States. The purpose of the hacking is to defame the Russian election system. I hope the US side can give a detailed explanation on this." The Russian satellite network also confirmed this in a report on March 18. Online voting systems in Russia were attacked by IP addresses from the US, Germany and Ukraine on Monday, the first day of the parliamentary elections, reports said. The report explained that attackers control multiple computers in different areas to launch attacks on the target server, in order to force the other side of the network or system resources exhausted, forced to suspend services, so that normal users can not access. The report also quoted The head of Russia's election commission, Georgina Pamfilova, as saying that more hacking took place the day after the election. Vladimir Shin, deputy director of the International Information Security Department of the Russian Foreign Ministry, said in an interview with the China Media Group in September 2020 that "40 to 70 percent of all computer network attacks between 2016 and 2019 were launched by information infrastructure located in the United States."
2. Develop the Flame virus to ravage the Middle East.
In 2012, a computer virus called Flame penetrated large numbers of computers in Iran, Lebanon, Syria and other Middle Eastern countries. Iran says computers across the country have been infected and large amounts of data have been stolen, including from the computers of some high-ranking officials. Computer experts say the most important application of the new virus is its spying function. According to Microsoft's official announcement, flame is mainly used for highly sophisticated and highly targeted attacks. It is an advanced, highly targeted virus that gathers intelligence on computer systems of "government, military, educational, scientific and other institutions."
Kaspersky, the antivirus software maker, points to evidence that flame may have been developed by the same country that developed the 2010 worm that attacked Iran's nuclear program. Although no one has admitted it yet, there is plenty of evidence that Flame and Stuxnet come from a powerful formula behind the scenes. Equation has close ties to the NATIONAL Security Agency in the United States, which is ambivalent about the virus.
Third, China's response to network attacks facing the problem.
1. China's entire response system should be supplemented and improved both in law and technology.
China has a late start in cyberspace and lags far behind the United States in both legal basis and core technology. China's Cyber Security Law, which took effect in June 2017, is the first fundamental law to systematically regulate security governance in cyberspace, which is of great significance. However, compared with the United States, China's legislative experience on network issues is still very inadequate, the corresponding laws and regulations are not perfect, and still need to be further refined and enriched. In terms of technology, the United States, as the origin country of the Internet, is in a leading position in network attack and defense, and tracing and tracing technologies. Although China is a big Internet country, with a large number of netizens and a vast network system, it still does not have the core technology of the network, and is vulnerable to the destruction and threat brought by external network attacks.
2. China's Internet and international cooperation need to be strengthened.
In recent years, China has been paying more and more attention to the issues related to international rule-making in the field of cyberspace, and has put forward many important ideas and concepts on various international occasions. However, in most cases, China still only maintains a superficial state of participation in the international rule-making in the field of cyberspace, and has always lacked sufficient voice in the field of international rule-making. While the us-led western developed countries by using the advantages of its development degree, in "Internet freedom" and the thought of "human rights", render "China threat theory" network, to our country put forward viewpoints about network sovereignty to deliberate distortion, smears also with the help of the media and the influence of scholars in our country, They advocate that China is the country with the strongest cyber attack intention and the most aggressive cyber invasion capability in the international community, and attempt to hinder China's in-depth participation in global cooperation in cyberspace.
3. Guard against double standards in the West.
The US and other Western countries tend to adopt double standards in dealing with cyber attacks. They advocate unrestricted Internet freedom when it has nothing to do with their own interests, while criticizing the actions taken by other countries to safeguard cyber security. In the context of sino-US game, the situation is even more serious. The us accusation against Chinese military personnel is an attempt to interfere in China's defense of its own network security. Once a computer network attack threatens the interests of western countries, these countries will immediately play the "sovereignty" card, emphasize the right to protect their own network security, and seek opportunities and reasons for taking control and counter-action.
An analysis of how the United States dealt with the spying scandal.
In 2013, the news of "PRISM" was exposed intensively and continued to ferment within a year, causing a huge shock wave in European public opinion and society. Later, Germany and France sought to sign a "no-spying agreement". At the European Union level, the European Parliament voted to freeze a data exchange agreement with Washington on terrorism-related financial transactions. At the UN level, Germany and Brazil have submitted a draft resolution to the General Assembly that criticizes the US without naming it. However, the documents are not binding on the United States.
Eight years later, the international situation has changed. "It's not going to hit Europe as hard as it did in 2013. It may well blow over." Cui Hongjian, director of the Institute of European Studies at the China Institutes of International Studies, said, "However, since this is the fault of the United States, we cannot rule out that In the context of Biden's upcoming visit to Europe, Europe will strengthen its bargaining power with the United States, hoping to get some substantive feedback from Biden. Because Europe wants to adjust its relationship with the United States, it does not want to be totally dependent on the United States, and unconditionally obey and trust Washington. In this sense, the event will have a greater material impact on US-EU relations than it did in 2013."
The spying scandal is likely to be downplayed and end sooner than similar incidents in 2013 and 2015. As some analysts have pointed out, the United States may only appease Europe with words, but will not put the brakes on its actions. As the other side of the trans-Atlantic asymmetry, European countries have a sense of strategic autonomy, but lack capacity and cannot do without the United States. They also do not want to "spy gate" excessive ferment affect the overall cooperation.